Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (19): 10267-10278
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202010_23251

Impact of COVID-19 on the cerebrovascular system and the prevention of RBC lysis

N. Akhter, S. Ahmad, F.A. Alzahrani, S.A. Dar, M. Wahid, S. Haque, K. Bhatia, S. SR Almalki, R.A. Alharbi, A.A.A. Sindi

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia. nakhter@bu.edu.sa; naseem.du@gmail.com


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) uses Angiotensin- converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors to infect host cells which may lead to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Given the presence of ACE2 receptors in the brain and the critical role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in brain functions, special attention to brain microcirculation and neuronal inflammation is warranted during COVID-19 treatment.

Neurological complications reported among COVID-19 patients range from mild dizziness, headache, hypogeusia, hyposmia to severe like encephalopathy, stroke, Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), CNS demyelination, infarcts, microhemorrhages and nerve root enhancement.

The pathophysiology of these complications is likely via direct viral infection of the CNS and PNS tissue or through indirect effects including post- viral autoimmune response, neurological consequences of sepsis, hyperpyrexia, hypoxia and hypercoagulability among critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Further, decreased deformability of red blood cells (RBC) may be contributing to inflammatory conditions and hypoxia in COVID-19 patients. Haptoglobin, hemopexin, heme oxygenase-1 and acetaminophen may be used to maintain the integrity of the RBC membrane.

Free PDF Download

To cite this article

N. Akhter, S. Ahmad, F.A. Alzahrani, S.A. Dar, M. Wahid, S. Haque, K. Bhatia, S. SR Almalki, R.A. Alharbi, A.A.A. Sindi
Impact of COVID-19 on the cerebrovascular system and the prevention of RBC lysis

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
Year: 2020
Vol. 24 - N. 19
Pages: 10267-10278
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202010_23251